Ventilation
Venues can significantly reduce their energy consumption if they ensure that ventilation systems and air conditioning units are only switched on when someone needs improved or cooler air.
Operating ventilation systems on a timer means the energy consumption of venues can be optimised and unnecessary operation avoided.
Thoroughly ventilating rooms intermittently is better than leaving windows ajar for long periods: this reduces energy consumption and ensures efficient ventilation without heat loss.
Temperature control
Avoiding energy-intensive appliances such as electric heaters lowers energy consumption and reduces CO₂ emissions.
Carpets can be used to minimise energy consumption for heating: They keep the heat in the room.
Draught excluders reduce heat loss and thus lower heating costs.
Sealed doors and windows with curtains or draught excluders reduce the consumption of heating energy and keep the room temperature stable.
If radiators are free-standing, the heat can circulate in the room. This in turn reduces the amount of heating required.
The room temperature for office, test or storage rooms can be checked on a regular basis, for example by sustainability officers, to determine the maximum or minimum level required. The energy consumption can then be adjusted to requirements.
Good to know
Vestibules may pose barriers to accessibility.
Furthermore, heating should ideally be adjustable to accommodate individual needs and health-related requirements.
Further reading
Umweltbundesamt: Richtiges Heizen schützt das Klima und den Geldbeutel
Arbeitsrechte.de: Arbeitsstättenverordnung: Temperatur in Arbeitsräumen
HafenCity Universität Hamburg: Thermische Behaglichkeit – Komfort in Gebäuden
Biodiversity
Landscapes, terraces, façades and green roofs are green corridors. They connect buildings with green spaces and promote local biodiversity.
Green roofs promote the well-being of employees and local biodiversity.
Green spaces with native plants in outdoor areas strengthen local biodiversity and promote the ecological balance.
Further reading
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie: Bundesprogramm Biologische Vielfalt (Inkl. Förderdatenbank)
Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Naturschutz und Reaktorsicherheit et al.: Bundesdeutsche Gesetzgebung mit Bezug zur Biodiversität
Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Klimaschutz, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit: Übereinkommen über die biologische Vielfalt
Good practice examples
In addition to musical delicacies, Oper Leipzig also offers a culinary speciality: honey from its own bees.
City of Leipzig: Honig von den Leipziger Opern-Bienen
Modernisation
If a venue is to be refurbished or converted, an energy consultation helps to develop an energy-efficient refurbishment strategy for the building.
A refurbishment strategy includes financial planning and drawing up a schedule. It is the basis for ensuring that measures are implemented within the planned time frame.
When implementing the refurbishment strategy, experts ensure compliance with standards.
The early planning and authorisation of the installation of solar panels or other structural changes ensures a sustainable and future-proof energy supply.
New building materials offer environmentally friendly solutions for construction, such as generatively manufactured sound-absorbing panels made from mushrooms and plant fibres.
Building technology requires regular inspection. This involves identifying inefficiencies and making adjustments where necessary. The aim is to optimise energy consumption.
Good to know
Venues should comply with fire safety regulations when refurbishing and remodelling. This also applies to the regulations on barrier-free access: Some entrances may need to be refurbished.
The refurbishment and conversion of listed buildings are subject to separate regulations. In the context of monument protection, specialists can advise on sustainable energy supply, for example.
Performance venues need a sufficient number of social rooms. Such rooms are used, for example, for breastfeeding, nappy changing or as a place of retreat.
Building materials based on fungi and plant fibres can trigger allergies. Therefore, venue operators must firstly check their use carefully in collaboration with experts.
Venue operators can consider adaptation to climate impacts even during the modernisation process. Climate impacts include periods of heat, heavy rain, flooding and storms.
Further reading
Transsolar KlimaEngineering: Unser Ansatz für eine lebenswerte Zukunft ist Schutz und Anpassung
Gira – Giersiepen GmbH & Co. KG: Nachhaltige Baustoffe: Ökologisch bauen mit umweltfreundlichen Materialien
RKW Rationalisierungs- und Innovationszentrum der Deutschen Wirtschaft e. V.: Nachhaltiges Bauen – Ein Überblick über nachhaltige und innovative Baustoffe im Bauwesen
Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle: Bundesförderung für effiziente Gebäude
Bundesministerium für Finanzen: Kurz erklärt: Steuerliche Förderung energetischer Gebäudesanierungen
metergrid: Denkmalschutz, Photovoltaik und Mieterstrom: Nachhaltige Energie für historische Gebäude
Bundesfachstelle Barrierefreiheit: Gebäude
Der Beauftragte der Bundesregierung für Informationstechnik: Behindertengleichstellungsgesetz (BGG)
Light source
Energy consumption can be significantly reduced by switching lights off in empty rooms. However, the requirements for escape and rescue routes must be complied with.
LED lamps reduce power consumption and have a longer service life than conventional light sources.
Warm white, dimmed and timed outdoor lighting protects the environment and promotes biodiversity.
Energy consumption can be regulated automatically and efficiently using motion detectors and timers.
Outdoor lighting that is not required can be switched off.
Outdoor advertising that is illuminated but not needed during a certain period can be switched off. This reduces not only electricity consumption, but also light pollution.
The use of energy-efficient lighting with warm colour temperatures (2400 to 3000K) helps save energy.
Good to know
When outdoor lighting is switched off, road safety must be guaranteed, even on narrow pavements that can be unsafe in the dark.
A lack of outdoor lighting can have a negative impact on accessibility.
Wheelchair users also need to be detectable by motion detectors installed at a low height. As soon as the light switches on, the path is accessible.
Further reading
BUND Naturschutz in Bayern e.V.: 08/2017 Insektenfreundliche Außenbeleuchtung
BEGA Gantenbrink-Leuchten: Verantwortungsvolle Außenbeleuchtung, umweltverträgliches Licht
Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND), Landesverband Hessen e.V.: Insektenschutz unter der Laterne
Good practice examples
“Move Your Energy – the green dance floor” is an interactive floor system that converts dance movement into electricity and thus raises awareness on sustainable energy in a playful manner.
Agentur RainbowEvent: Move for Energy – der “grüne” Dancefloor
Energy supply
Creating a climate balance sheet for a building is helpful for the development of measures through which venues can reduce their CO₂ emissions and energy consumption.
Energy consumption can be checked and recorded on a regular basis. This enables sustainability officers to recognise inefficient patterns and implement improvement measures. Electricity meters in different building units can be used to identify areas of activity.
Photovoltaic systems, geothermal energy or heat pumps are sources of green or renewable energy. Their use reduces CO₂ emissions in a sustainable manner. This makes energy provision more environmentally friendly.
By means of self-generated solar power, venues have the opportunity to a) become less dependent on fossil fuels, b) contribute to the decentralisation of the power grid and c) improve their own energy balance sheet.
Those who check whether the public power grid can provide renewable energy on a temporary basis will find it easier to source sustainable electricity and switch to renewable energy.
Rainwater and grey water may be collected and used for toilets and irrigation. This conserves valuable water resources.
Discussions with landlords on the use of green electricity can be an important step towards a more sustainable energy supply.
Certified green electricity provides a reliable and environmentally friendly power supply. It can be identified, for example, by labels such as “ok-power” or other green energy certifications.
Good to know
Manufactured components – such as for solar panels – may have been produced in countries where social sustainability is neglected. Venues may ensure compliance with social standards during production when purchasing manufactured components.
Further reading
Umweltbundesamt: Mit Ökostrom das Klima schützen
E-WERK Luckenwalde: Kunststrom Kraftwerk und Kunstzentrum
Good practice examples
SOLiDACH was an initiative by Theater Rampe that combined neighbourhood and climate protection in a creative way and promoted solar installations in Stuttgart-Süd. In 2025 it became the Solarscouts. Solarscouts Stuttgart is a voluntary citizens’ network that supports neighbours on questions about photovoltaic systems and funding opportunities.
Die Rampe e. V.: SOLiDACH – Solarinitiative Stuttgart Süd
Solarscouts: Wir informieren die Nachbarschaft für die Energiewende
PATHOS Theatre in Munich has greened its roof to actively contribute to climate protection and use urban space in an environmentally friendly manner. Through this project, the theatre combines sustainability, art and community and makes environmental urban development tangible.
PATHOS: Nachhaltigkeit am PATHOS: Solaranlage + Dachbegrünung
Energy management
Drawing up a climate balance sheet for a building offers venues a valuable opportunity to work with a construction company to develop measures for reducing CO₂ emissions and energy consumption.
Easy wins enable rapid progress, while also initiating a process towards more sustainable production.
Materiality analyses provide information on the relevant environmental impacts of a company. Following such an analysis, the sustainability team can work on making the company more sustainable step by step.
Sustainability certifications such as ISO 14001, EMAS or the German Sustainability Code offer a way to implement recognized environmental standards and ensure the long-term use of sustainable energy.
Based on a building energy consultation, venues can develop an energy-efficient refurbishment strategy to save costs and protect the environment in the long term.
Joint use of space may be enabled through cooperation with neighbours and local groups. By working together, the parties involved can develop sustainable solutions that benefit everyone.Through investment planning, venues can advance the sustainable development of an organisation in an effective and targeted manner.
Good to know
The PDCA cycle (Plan, Do, Check, Act) enables systematic control when improving processes, procedures or products, e.g. when refurbishing buildings.
Further reading
International Organization for Standardization: ISO: Global standards for trusted goods and services
Umweltbundesamt: Klima und Energie
Bundesdeutscher Arbeitskreis für Umweltbewusstes Management (BAUM) e.V.: BAUM unterstützt seine Mitglieder und weitere transformationswillige Unternehmen beim Aufbau und bei der Weiterentwicklung von Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien
Rat für Nachhaltige Entwicklung: Experten legen EU-weite Definition für nachhaltige Finanzprodukte vor
GREENHOUSE GAS PROTOCOL: We set the standards to measure and manage emissions
ESGvolution – Geschäftsbereich von OMMAX GmbH: Wesentlichkeitsanalyse & CSRD
Deutscher Nachhaltigkeitskodex (DNK): Wesentlichkeit und Der neue DNK: Kostenlose Unterstützung für Unternehmen zur Nachhaltigkeitsberichterstattung nach CSRD
RAL gGmbH, Blauer Engel: Zertifizierung
Umweltgutachterausschuss (UGA) beim Bundesministerium für Umwelt, Klimaschutz, Naturschutz und nukleare Sicherheit: Umwelt nachhaltig nutzen, Effizienz steigern – EMAS, das Gütesiegel der EU